Crime In Pakistan Essay -- Criminal Justice, Pakistani

The world has advanced into a framework which has a refined arrangement of laws including our lives in this cutting edge society. This arrangement of laws is a noteworthy piece of our general public which holds it together and targets ensuring it against any mischief. Encroaching this very framework is named as a wrongdoing. Over the world, with such a significant number of various lawful frameworks of different nations, the laws additionally vary appropriately and the meaning of wrongdoing is seen through those arrangement of laws, from this time forward, various impression of wrongdoing are existing. Pakistani society, of which I am a piece of, sees wrongdoing to be something which drawbacks the social request, concordance and harmony. It is a setback that this wrongdoing is being done at an alarmingly rate since 10 years now. An all the more alarming reality is that the ones who are carrying out this wrongdoing are the ones who are running the administration which professes to sec ure the exceptionally set of laws they are damaging. Things being what they are, in what manner can such an overseeing body manage wrongdoings they themselves are submitting and keep others from doing it to keep up the social request? I firmly accept that ...

How to Write an Introduction For an Essay

How to Write an Introduction For an EssayThe purpose of an introductory paragraph is to set the stage and introduce the subject or topic of your essay. However, in most cases you'll also need to give some additional information in the form of a summary of your points. This can be quite a daunting task. Here are some tips to help you in writing an effective introduction.Introduction for essays in general is written on the same level as the body of the essay. There is no set rule as to when to use the introduction. You should decide what will be the best introduction to your essay based on the content of the essay. It may sound trivial, but do make sure that the introduction is not too long. Remember, the introduction to your essay will set the tone for the rest of the essay.Once you've decided on a title and introduction, it's important to keep the reader's attention with your writing style. One of the first things that you should do when you're writing an introduction is to get rid o f jargon and avoid sounding like you've only just finished college. Think of the audience that will be reading your essay and try to write in the third person.Write the introduction in a logical and organized way. Remember, this is the introduction to your essay so you want to keep it short and sweet. Don't start your introduction with why; instead, do something like this: 'The theme of my essay is to help myself become aware of what I am writing about.' When you finish writing the introduction, think about what you've written. Make sure that it is clear and that you're following the format of the essay.Once you have all of your information down, you'll want to create an outline. If you have created an outline, you'll want to follow this with a few paragraphs of your outline. Then you'll want to sit down and edit your outline until you have a good draft. You don't want to leave anything out, and you should always be looking to make your essay better.The reason why an outline is impo rtant is because it will be your guide when you begin writing. The outline will show you where to go from the point that you started. It also will give you a good idea of how your writing is going to flow once you get into your actual essay.Now that you know how to write an introductory paragraph for an essay, you may be wondering what is so hard about this part of the writing process. Well, that's a good question and one that you'll have to figure out for yourself. This is the main reason why many people don't succeed at this very important part of the essay writing process. As mentioned earlier, it's not as hard as it seems because you can actually learn it in your junior high school years.A great tip that you can use to help you learn how to write an introduction for an essay is to make it really simple. Write the introduction in the third person and always put yourself in the shoes of the reader.

Rhetorical Comparison Paper Tom Bethell and Jonathan Golob - 825 Words

Rhetorical Comparison Paper: Tom Bethell and Jonathan Golob (Coursework Sample) Content: Students NameProfessors NameCourseDateRhetorical Comparison PaperThe arguments presented by Tom Bethell and Jonathan Golob are rhetorical in the strictest sense. Both authors employ rhetorical strategies to persuade the reader to believe the submissions they make about the climate change debate. Golob is a pro-climate change enthusiast while Bethell is an anti-climate change writer whose approach takes a conservative approach that seeks to dismiss the idea that the globe is on the verge of destruction as a result of the effects of global warming. This rhetorical analysis involves an examination of the argumentative strategies employed by both Bethell and Golob to convince the reader. The core focus is how both authors differ in exploiting the potency of pathos, ethos, and logos to appeal to the reader to accept or reject the climate change narrative respectively. The authors essentially use rhetorical appeals to make their arguments appealing with a deliberate sense o f fact-checking in manner that makes the climate change debate more entrenched than ever before.A comparison of Golobs and Bethells rhetorical strategies reveals that the former used a lot of pathos while the later appealed more to the logos of the argument to maintain the consistency of the argument. An appeal to pathos means that the author or the speaker on a particular subject invokes the beliefs and values of the target audience in order to make rhetorical sense. The main reason for invoking pathos as a rhetorical strategy is to seek empathy to using imaginable stories that elicit the logical appeals that can sway the audience to the speaker or the writers side of the argument. When a writer or a speaker uses pathos, the intention is to appeal to the feelings and imaginations so that each person in an audience so that they can figure out how the argument can potentially impacts the world around them. Logos, on the other hand, is a keen focus on the message with a deliberate app eal to reason whereby the author or writer makes an argument that has a lot internal consistency and clarity through the use of data and hard facts to support claims that support the argument.Turning to Golobs and Bethells argument, the former employs pathos as a rhetorical strategy as follows:In the first paragraph, Golob mentions Richard Feynman whom he refers to has my scientific hero (Golob). Feynman was among the first scientists to predict the potential effects of an arms race on nuclear weapons after making skeptical remarks about the devastating effects of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings towards the end the First World War. Feynman was a scientific hero of the mid and the late Twentieth Century and today. Invoking his name in the argument simply appeals to the values and beliefs associated the work and life and the Twentieth Century iconic scientists. Besides, the story of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is unimaginable yet equally horrific due to the effects of the atomic bombs. Golobs decision to compare the unimaginable effects of the atomic bombs with the potential effects of climate change is one of the most interesting uses of pathos in opinion writing or commentary. According to Feynman, the smashed remains he witnessed embodied the potential nuclear annihilation that the world was to contemplate. Humanity, in this sense, had no future to anticipate because human beings were out to annihilate each other. Another aspect of Pathos in Gobbs argument is the deliberate mention of Stalin. Stalin is a divisive and emotive Soviet figure in American politics because he ruled the Soviet Union at a time when the United States was embroiled in a Cold War that threatened to plunge the world in a possible World War Three that could have involved the use of nuclear weapons on both sides of the conflict. By mentioning Stalin, Golob intends to use American values and beliefs to add more gravity to the significance of the climate change argument to Americans. As much as the climate change argument is completely unrelated to Stalin or other Soviet politicians, but it has a cultural impact on ordinary readers with an emotional magnitude of the tensions characterizing the Cold War Era.Bethell uses logos to win over the anti-climate change supporters. One of the major ways writers and speakers use logos is their attempt to use facts from reliable sources regardless of whether the said facts are reliable or not. In this case, Bethell quotes an article by Newsweek, a reputable international magazine. The article talks ab...

Cruelty in Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare Essay

Cruelty in Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare Twelfth Night is also subtitled as What you Will which shows that this should be a happy, festive comedy, its title is from the twelve-day cycle of celebration enjoyed by medieval revellers each December. As this is a comedy it means that there are multiple marriages in the final scene and happy endings for most, except maybe one person who is seen as a fool throughout the play in this instance, Sir Andrew or Malvolio or some may even think, Orsino if they have seen the Trevor Nunn film of this play, in my opinion Feste will not be an object of humour throughout the play as in the Nunn film he is quite a serious character. There are not any deaths†¦show more content†¦Maria then asks why its good to be tall, which Toby responds to by exclaiming, Why, he has 3000 ducats a year. as though this is a perfect reason to compliment somebodys height - the fact that they earn a lot of money every year. Toby says this because he enjoys Andrews riches, and uses it as a source for his drinking. Maria says exactly what they both believe but Toby Belch obviously feels obliged to defend his friend, eventually though Sir Toby agrees with Maria and says that he is a foolish man, He is a coward and a coistrel that will not drink to my niece till his brains turn o th toeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. in this scene when Andrew has entered Maria and Toby make a fool of him. Maria pretends to leave but is persuaded to stay by Sir Andrews flirtatious flattery, which has been encouraged by Sir Toby. Toby and Maria make a fool of Andrew by leading him on to Maria, by letting Andrew appear so innocent as to not know the dirty meaning of what he is saying, this is also shown in Act II, scene v, when Sir Andrew does not understand what Malvolio is saying, ..her very Cs, her Us, and her Tsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Aguecheek asks what this means which amuses Fabian and SirShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And Hamlet1721 Words   |  7 PagesKeana Cowden ENGL3563-100: Shakespeare Katherine Eggart 16 November 2015 Insert Title here An Elizabethan woman can be characterized as one that is submissive and subservient to men. William Shakespeare utilizes this type of woman when he wishes to show his audience the cruel nature of men. In both of his tragedies, Othello and Hamlet, Shakespeare presents cruelty in the form of male domination, where most of the time, the women are undeserving of ramifications such as death. When aRead MoreThe Twelfth Night: A Happy Ending? Essay1501 Words   |  7 Pagesdegree of expectation with the genre of comedy that despite whatever difficulties appear within the play, by the end these will be resolved and the play will have a traditional happy-ending with a marriage or a celebration in the final scene. The â€Å"Twelfth Night† is no exception to this rule. Despite problems of confused identities and sexualities, the play ends with marriage for the major characters because they â€Å"have learned enough about their own foolishness to accept it wisely, and their rewar d, asRead MoreRomeo And Twelfth Night By William Shakespeare Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s Masculine Women in Macbeth and Twelfth Night William Shakespeare frequently created women who deviated from the social standards of his time, which was, throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. All throughout this era, women were understood to be silent and obedient and were believed to be unfit of doing more than taking care of the house and raising children. However, Shakespeare often rejected these aspects and invented feminine characters that challenged the norms ofRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare First impressions of Twelfth Night can be deceiving as on a simplistic level it can be portrayed as a typical Shakespearean comedy. However, Twelfth Night is a mixture of both romantic comedy and tragedy. The romantic comedy elements can be found throughout the play as its structure is based on a typical Elizabethan style, it has escapism with magical settings and happy endings, as is Midsummers Night Dream. Also Twelfth nightRead MoreThe Purpose of the Sub-plot in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night2025 Words   |  9 PagesTwelfth Night or What You Will is one of Shakespeare’s most famous comedies. It has been performed hundreds of times and adapted into a number of modern films. The main plot of the play follows Viola, a girl who is rescued from a shipwreck and enters into the service of the Duke Orsino disguised as a man. Rising quickly in his estimation, Viola begins delivering messages of love on his behalf to Olivia, a noble woman who has no interest in Orsino’s advances. Over the course of the play Olivia fallsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All1554 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a British poet and playwright, he was well known as the greatest writer of all time, he was often called the Bard of Avon.Although many facts of his life remain unknown, his poems and plays are unique and have timeless theme that touch everyone’s heart, and are still widely studied and performed in today’s society. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, England enjoyed a time of prosperity and stability that ledRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All1568 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare: Greatest Playwright of All William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was a British poet and playwright, he was well known as the greatest writer of all time, he was often called the Bard of Avon.Although many facts of his life remain unknown, his poems and plays are unique and have timeless theme that touch everyone’s heart, and are still widely studied and performed in today’s society. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, England enjoyed a time of prosperity and stability that ledRead MoreEssay on A Feminist Perspective of William Shakespeare1506 Words   |  7 PagesA Feminist Perspective of Shakespeare   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although William Shakespeare reflects and at times supports the English Renaissance stereotypes of women and men and their various roles and responsibilities in society, he is also a writer who questions, challenges, and modifies those representations. His stories afford opportunities not only to understand Renaissance culture better but also to confront our own contemporary generalizations about gender, especially what it means to be female. In hisRead More A Comparison of Romantic Love in Shakespeares Sonnets As You Like It2069 Words   |  9 Pageselaborate system of love called the Petrarchan tradition.   An Italian poet, Francesco Petrarch, wrote a cycle of sonnets to his beloved Laura, which became internationally popular.   In his poetry, Petrarch professes his undying love, and laments her cruelty for not returning his passionate devotion.   He also describes the inspiration for his love - a single glance from her eyes.   In the course of his sonnet s, Petrarch and Laura never meet or speak.   She may not even know he exists.   Midway through theRead MoreThe Complicated Politics Of Gender Identity Essay3466 Words   |  14 Pagestake control of his nerves. When Macbeth receives the titles of the Thane of Cawdor and Thane of Glamis, as promised by the witches, he himself says that these titles are ‘happy prologue’ to a play that is going to deal with ‘imperial themes’ (Shakespeare 20). However, in spite of all his excitement about his future prospect, Macbeth is never able to recognise his ability to ultimately go and achieve what is being promised to him. He does not show the true Machiavellian instincts as revealed by Junior

Human Trafficking Is An Illegal Movement Of People

INTRODUCTION: Human Trafficking is an illegal movement of people for the purpose of forced labour or sexual exploitation. Millions of people from around the globe have been captured and caught to undergo activities against their will mainly for the act of slavery or pleasure and prostitution.Human Trafficking is a criminal industry stripping people of life and freedom. To this day, human trafficking is happening around the globe and numbers of victims are increasing up until this generation. Nevertheless, multiple proposals and recommendations have been shared to prevent further hostage from occurring by spreading awareness, supporting organisations, gathering donations and educating children and adults about their surroundings. Human trafficking is a crime that needs handling and everyone can take part to help and support this cause. OBSERVATIONS: According to the Global Slavery Index (GSI), 36 million victims of human trafficking have been reported worldwide in 2014. Within 36 million victims, two thirds originate in Asia (reference). Asia has the highest rates of human trafficking in their continent. This issue has been increasing through the years, and major investigations have occurred and still needs to occur to prevent further exploitation from happening. In Based on human trafficking statistics, India, China, Pakistan, Indonesia, Bangladesh and Thailand are amongst the top 10 countries containing high numbers of trafficking victims in the world. With eachShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Movement Of People1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic I would like to discuss in my term report is the topic of Human Trafficking. By definition; human trafficking is the illegal movement of people, typically for the purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. The main reason I chose this topic is because of a story I read recently about a woman named Nadia Murad, who was taken from her home in Iraq and sold to men as a sex slave. This topic is interesting because it is unfathomable to me not only that there is still a marketRead MoreHuman Trafficking : An Illegal Movement Of People1396 Words   |  6 Pagescollapsed inside and there is no fix. Human trafficking is one out of many of those issues, but with the help of those who feel lost and weak because of it, we can try to scare off any further occurrences by taking action and battling the figurative evil in this world. Human trafficking is defined as an illegal movement of people for purposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploration. It began in the early 1400s with slave trading between countries. People were tagged or branded with a numberRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Movement Of People992 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Dictionary.com, the proper definition on human trafficking is the illegal movement of people, typically for the purpose of forced labor or commercial sex exploitation. It is considered a crime throughout the United States and there are laws to protect these victims to persecute the traffickers. Every year thousands of people get trafficked in and out of this country for the purpose of commercial gain and exploitation. There is no such profile for traffickers because they can come inRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Movement Of People1848 Words   |  8 PagesHuman trafficking is interesting. The gruesome lifestyle the victims are forced to live is similar to horror movies. Even though people know it will cause them to react negatively, they still pursue to watch it. Human trafficking is: ...recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of threat or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefitsRead MoreHuman Trafficking Must Be Defined As The Illegal Movement Of People1706 Words   |  7 Pagespicked this topic because human trafficking goes unnoticed and is a topic that gets over looked. As we know in 1862, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation abolishing slavery, yet more than one million people are enslaved in the U.S. today. Human trafficking involves different ages, gender, ethnic backgrounds, and they are being trafficked throughout the world. At the end I hope to inform my peers about the reality and danger of human trafficking, as well share the solutionsRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Movement Of People With The Use Of Force962 Words   |  4 PagesShemar Mclean Literature- Hamilton Human Trafficking September 21, 2015 Informative Essay Human trafficking is the illegal movement of people with the use of force. Human trafficking is a major trouble that is occurring around the world. People are taken away from their homes some live to tell their story however some don t make it out alive. Many Children, Women, And vulnerable men are used in human trafficking. They are stripped of their innocenceRead MoreThe European Union Promote Unity And Equality Amongst The Fellow Member1137 Words   |  5 PagesUnion allows free movement of citizens apart of the union. The access to all members’ states solidifies a bond of the union but this free movement also allows for negative issues to arise. Due to the free movement amongst the EU many people are easily trafficked throughout the countries. The concept of this free movement is great for the people, but also many people are suffering from a violation of their human rights. The EU aims to continue to support free movement of their people, but they must focusRead MoreHuma n Trafficking : A Dangerous Crime1634 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is the quickest increasing criminal industry currently in society and is a dark human behavior that has been going on since the beginning of history. The trafficking of human beings for forced slave labor and sexual exploitation is a horrendous crime that takes advantage of one throughout the illegal trading and forced labor of all types of people People trafficking forces millions of people going against their will and having to take part in prostitution, beg and complete hardRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1498 Words   |  6 Pages Typically, when people think about global issues, some of the first things to come to mind are immigration, poverty, and hunger. However, there are much larger issues that can lead to these kinds of circumstances, or even be seen as a function of these problems. Taking a closer look at an ongoing issue highly prevalent in our world today, it is easy to see that othe r issues feed off it, and can contribute to the issue at hand. The issue I want to focus on is human trafficking. This type of criminalizationRead MoreModern Day Slavery Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesMason Moran Mrs. Davis Government Period 9 February 14, 2013 Research Project: Human Trafficking â€Å"Modern Day Slavery† â€Å"SLAVERY was abolished 150 years ago, right? While it is true that slavery is illegal almost everywhere on earth, the fact is there are more slaves today than there ever were†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Despite the grim reality described in this quote, I believe Robert Alan successfully undermines a common misconception held by Americans, both young and old. Although we are brought up thinking that

Chronic Heart Failure

Question: Discuss about the Chronic Heart Failure. Answer: According to this paper, chronic heart failure is one of the prevailing severe health conditions among elderly people. Similar condition is happening to Charlie who is a 75 years old man who is obese and is suffering from ischaemic cardiomyopathy and hypertension leading him to chronic heart failure (Molloy, O'Carroll, McMurdo, 2012). Such prevalence can be due to poor prognosis facility by the healthcare professionals. Besides this, nonadherence to the provided pharmacological interventions is also a significant barrier to the regulation of effective treatment. As per the article, only 10% of the patients suffering from chronic heart failure undertake prescribed medication in USA. Furthermore, this article undertakes analysis on the studies that determines efficacy of the medication that allows adherence in the people suffering from chronic heart failure. Additionally, keeping this as pivot, a randomized controlled trial has been conducted among the 144 adults age between 55 to 85 years and are suffering from severe heart condition. Furthermore, a concoction of both quantitative and qualitative analysis has been conducted by analysing the statistics of the sample size taken and additionally analysing the existing literature available. Moreover, the analysis has been conducted to determine the awareness level in the patients, behavioural approaches, patient care and adherence to drugs. The main resultant of the analysis was lesser adherence of the sample to the medication and needs extensive awareness and guidance towards the importance of regulation of effective treatment. Conclusively, adherence to optimal and disease-oriented medication is essential and can be achieved optimally among the patients by formulation and implementing effective strategies and imparting effective awareness regarding the importance of medication. Moreover, the meta-analysis was not possible for the conduction of the study. Additionally, heterogeneity among the interventions did not help the researchers to come upon a concrete conclusion (Krousel-Wood, et al., 2015). This study has greater implications as it targets the patient-oriented strengths and weakness that bounds with the optimal regulation of the treatment. Charlie is a 75 year old man who is suffering from severe heart condition and there is a probability that he is not undertaking his prescribed medication on time due to certain signs and symptoms such as tachycardia, oedema, breathlessness and others. Furthermore, the quality of research is good as it determines the necessity of specific medication that causes effects on the patient, adherence to behavioural phenomenon that essentially requires selfcare and formulation of extrinsic strategies that enhances the extent of adherence. According to a recent study, patients must be informed of their condition and optimal medication for better regulation of the treatment. Adherence to medication is essential component of effective clinical practice. This provides good health, monetary stability, effective care and quality of life (Hamine, Ge rth-Guyette, Faulx, Green, Ginsburg, 2015). Additionally, another study determines that effective adherence to medication enhances self-efficacy which further maintains the equilibrium between somatic and physical trauma. Furthermore, this is conducted by providing optimal support in terms of social, cultural, psychosocial experiences, preventing the patient from depression (Maeda, Shen, Schwarz, Farrell, Mallon, 2013). McMurray, J. J., Adamopoulos, S., Anker, S., Auricchio, A., Bohm, M., Dickstein, K., Zeiher, A. (2012). ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. European Heart Journal,, 1787-1847. This journal mainly provides a detailed analysis on the diagnosis and effective remedial treatment of the chronic heart failure. This paper covers each and every aspect of the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment required for the patient-oriented interventions (McMurray, et al., 2012). This paper attempts to provide an evidence-based analysis on mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), importance of transcatheter valve interventions, effects of ivabradine, importance of ventricular assist devices, analysis on cardiac resynchronization therapy and effect of coronary revascularization in heart failure. Besides this, detailed analysis has been conducted on various terminologies related with the heart and its degrading condition. Furthermore, this paper determines detailed analysis on various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions with the help of various quantitative analysis conducted among different sample sizes. The main objective of this study is to provide good quality of life and balanced lifestyle in accordance with this incurable disease. This literature review is a concoction of various sample size has been chosen over the period of time to analyse the effects remedial treatment provided with the help of angiotensin, angiotensin receptor blockers, mineralocorticosteroids, hydralazine and isosorbide, ivabradine, digoxin, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, diuretics and many others. Additionally, analysis has been conducted on the provision of non-surgical methods such as various cardiac implantable devices such as implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy, pace makers and many others. Furthermore, the main findings of the analysis undertake efficient and prolonged usage of these interventions on the basis of the requirement by the patient. Conclusively, this paper provides a detailed analysis on the diagnosis and treatment of the severe heart condition. The remedial treatment must be a patient-oriented concoction of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. The probable limitation of the paper is vast study collection of the data without any one concrete conclusion. Additionally, no optimal analysis on the specific sample size for each study (McMurray, et al., 2014). The strength of the paper is vast collection of the data that cover every possible aspect of the analysis required for the detailed study on the prevailing severe heart conditions that assist healthcare professionals to formulate effective interventions for the patient. Furthermore, the quality of the research is up to the mark and the paper has been critically analysed. The resultant of this paper must be practiced efficiently in the clinical practicing by the healthcare professionals. An analysis conducted by Troughton et al., 2014, determines that the concoction of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions is the best possible methodology of providing effecting treatment to the patient (Troughton, et al., 2014). Furthermore, an analysis conducted by Ambrosy et al., 2014, determines that effective imparting of the treatment to the patient suffering from heart condition has led to decrease in the extent of hospitalization in various hospitals among different countries. T he probable recommendations will require optimal imparting of the patient-oriented treatment by the skilled and experiences cardiac nurses in order to conduct effective clinical practicing. Furthermore, optimal reporting and documentation must be incorporated in the routine treatment by undertaking effective formulation and regulation of change of shift report among different healthcare professionals working together (Ambrosy, et al., 2014). Strmberg, A., Mrtensson, J., Fridlund, B., Levin, L.-A., Karlsson, J.-E., Dahlstrm, U. (2003). Nurse-led heart failure clinics improve survival and self-care behaviour in patients with heart failure: Results from a prospective, randomised trial. . European Heart Journal,, 1014-1023. This journal determines the probable implications of follow up on selfcare, morbidity, mortality and other factors in a clinic run by nurses among the heart patients. As per the article a large percentage of the people are suffering from chronic heart failure and the survival rate of the patients suffering from such chronic heart conditions is very less (Strmberg, et al., 2003). Moreover, high morbidity is one of the prevailing reasons of severe heart conditions among the patients. High morbidity has led to high mortality rate due to suffering from severe heart chronic conditions. In addition to this, inefficiency also prevails among the nurses while conducting the effective follow up. Such inefficiency leads to inadequate and incompatible compliance with the required interventions in terms of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment. Furthermore, imparting of the awareness in the patient and regular follow up leads to decrement in the hospitalization of the patient, increas es awareness among patient leading to enhanced quality in the life of the patients suffering from critical conditions (Feltner, et al., 2014). In order to conduct the analysis on the effectiveness of the follow up by the nurses, a 12 months randomised trial has been conducted in different hospitals of New York. A total of 161 patients were undertaken for the conduction of the program. These patients were primarily suffering from heart disease and other associated illness or maladies such as pulmonary congestion, dementia or others. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis has been undertaken with the help of questionnaire to determine the extent of awareness and selfcare among the patients. Additionally, the data has been collected regularly at the baseline of 3 months and 12 months. The collected data was statistically analysed with the help of t-test and Whitney U test. The resultant at the end of the analysis determined that lesser hospitalization of the patient and decrement in the morbidity occurred after the 12 months of the interventions. Additionally, effective follow up led to lesser hospitalization of the patients after 3 months only and enhancement in the selfcare has also been recorded. Conclusively, effective follow ups by the nurses increases the awareness level leading to increment in the selfcare, lesser morbidity and mortality rate. In addition to this, certain limitations also prevail also prevails in this study. Smaller sample size and predetermined setting of the location, time period, geographical are and others for the assessment has affected the resultant even after the adoption of the randomization. Besides thee limitations, the strength of this study was the selection of sample size from different locations. This brought heterogeneity in the resultant. Furthermore, the quality of research is up to the mark and has covered each and every aspect of required for the detailed analysis on the extent of follow up by the nurses (Stewart, et al., 2015). Moreover, the resultant of this paper must be implemented effectively in the regular clinical practice in order to increase the extent of remedial treatment. Furthermore, a group of multidisciplinary or multiagency team working together to provide a patient-oriented follow up will lead to much enhanced results (Glogowska, et al., 2015). Bibliography Ambrosy, A. P., Fonarow, G. C., Butler, J., Chioncel, O., Greene, S. J., Vaduganathan, M., Gheorghiade, M. (2014). The global health and economic burden of hospitalizations for heart failure: lessons learned from hospitalized heart failure registries. . Journal of the American College of Cardiology,, 1123-1133. Feltner, C., Jones, C. D., Cen, C. W., Zheng, Z. J., Sueta, C. A., Coker-Schwimmer, E. J., Jonas, D. E. (2014). Transitional care interventions to prevent readmissions for persons with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. . Annals of internal medicine, , 774-784. Glogowska, M., Simmonds, R., McLachlan, S., Cramer, H., Sanders, T., Johnson, R., Purdy, S. (2015). Managing patients with heart failure: a qualitative study of multidisciplinary teams with specialist heart failure nurses. . The Annals of Family Medicine,, 466-471. Hamine, S., Gerth-Guyette, E., Faulx, D., Green, B. B., Ginsburg, A. S. (2015). Impact of mHealth chronic disease management on treatment adherence and patient outcomes: a systematic review. . Journal of medical Internet research,. Krousel-Wood, M., Elizabeth, H. O., Joyce, C., Rachael, R. U., Dornelles, A., Webber, L. S., Whelton, P. K. (2015). Differences in cardiovascular disease risk when antihypertensive medication adherence is assessed by pharmacy fill versus self-report: the Cohort Study of Medication Adherence among Older Adults (CoSMO). Journal of hypertension,, 412. Maeda, U., Shen, B. J., Schwarz, E. R., Farrell, K. A., Mallon, S. (2013). Self-efficacy mediates the associations of social support and depression with treatment adherence in heart failure patients. International journal of behavioral medicine, , 88-96. McMurray, J. J., Packer, M., Desai, A. S., Gong, J., Lefkowitz, M. P., Rizkala, A. R., Zile, M. R. (2014). Angiotensinneprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. New England Journal of Medicine,, 993-1004. Stewart, S., Chan, Y. K., Wong, C., Jennings, G., Scuffham, P., Esterman, A., Carrington, M. (2015). Impact of a nurse?led home and clinic?based secondary prevention programme to prevent progressive cardiac dysfunction in high?risk individuals: the Nurse?led Intervention for Less Chronic Heart Failure (NIL?CHF) randomized controlled study. European journal of heart failure, , 620-630. Troughton, R. W., Frampton, C. M., Brunner-La Rocca, H. P., Pfisterer, M., Eurlings, L. W., Erntell, H., Dahlstrm, U. (2014). Effect of B-type natriuretic peptide-guided treatment of chronic heart failure on total mortality and hospitalization: an individual patient meta-analysis. European heart journal,, 1559-1567.

Urban Economics Essay Example

Urban Economics Essay Consider a region with a workforce of 12 million. The urban utility curve reaches its maximum with 3 million workers and includes the following combinations: Workers (millions)1234689101112 Utility (pounds)32567065554540353025 Initially, there is a single city with 12 million workers. Suppose the government establishes a new city with 1 million workers, leaving 11 million workers in the old city. a)Assume that the number of cities remains at 2. What happens next? What is the new equilibrium city size? First, taking into account the information given in the table, it is necessary to construct the utility curve for each of the values given: (Graphic) It can be seen that in the initial situation (12 million workers in one city), the utility per worker is 25 ?. If the number of cities remains at 2 (A B), leaving in one of them 11 million workers and 1 million workers in the other one, it can be appreciated in the graphic that the utility per worker in the first city will be 30 ? er worker and 32 ? per worker in the second. The utility curve reaches its maximum with 3 million workers in a city (point M), at this point; the utility per worker maximizes welfare according to city size. Because in this case there is no equilibrium, people will want to move from there in order to get a better welfare level. There are 2 possibilities, to move to city A or to move to city B, as it is shown in the graphic. We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Economics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Economics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Urban Economics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer If workers decide to move to city B, city A would disappear and people would like to come back to the city A to have the anterior level of welfare, because the utility per worker in a city of 1 million workers (32 pounds per worker) is higher than the utility in a city of 12 million workers (25 ? per worker). On the other hand, if workers decide to move from city B to city A, they would not want to come back to the anterior level of welfare because in this case, the utility per worker in a city of 10 million people (35? er worker) is higher than the utility in a city of 11 million people (30? per worker). Moreover, city A will have 2 million workers and will reach a higher level of welfare than before (56 instead of 32? per worker), so workers will not want to come back to the previous level of welfare, as it can be observed in the graphic. As it can be seen in the graphic, after this reallocation of workers, we have a 2 million workers city (A) and 10 million workers city (B). (Grap hic) Workers in city B would want to have a higher level of welfare than their actual level. For this reason they would prefer to move to city A, in order to make it real. If doing so, city B would have 9 million workers and its level of utility would be higher than before (40 instead of 35 ? per worker) and city A would get 3 million workers, reaching the maximum point at the utility curve (70 ? instead of 56 ? per worker) as it can be seen in the graphic: (graphic) At this point, during this reallocation, city A has reached the maximum utility per worker (from 32 to 70? per worker) and workers in city B have a better level of welfare than before (from 30 to 40? er worker). It is considered as the new equilibrium city size, because workers from city A wouldn’t want to change and workers from city B despite they could have a better level of output, are facing a stable situation because the utility curve is negatively sloped. If workers from city B continue moving to city A in order to get a higher level of welfare, they will get it, but workers that actually live in c ity A will see how their level of welfare will decrease because they will not be anymore at the maximum point of the utility curve. The final equilibrium in this situation would be a region with 2 cities of 6 million workers each one, where the utility level would be 55? per worker, as we can see in the graphic. (graphic) b)Suppose that the government establishes 3 new cities, each with 1 million workers (leaving 9 million in the old city). What happens next? Will the region reach the optimum configuration of 4 cities, each with 3 million workers? c)Suppose your objective is to reach the optimum configuration and you establish 3 new cities. What is the minimum number of workers to be placed initially in each of the new cities?